Ativan, also known as lorazepam, is a benzodiazepine medication prescribed primarily for the management of anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizures. It works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity, resulting in a calming effect on the central nervous system. Ativan is available in oral and injectable forms, offering rapid relief of symptoms. However, due to its potential for tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms, it is typically recommended for short-term use. Common side effects may include drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion. Ativan should be used cautiously and under medical supervision to minimize risks.